\documentclass[11pt]{article}
\usepackage[a4paper]{geometry}
\geometry{hscale=0.90,vscale=0.875,centering}%showframe
%\usepackage[landscape,twocolumn]{geometry}
%\geometry{hscale=0.85,vscale=0.8,centering}%showframe
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\ifx\pdftexversion\undefined
\usepackage{graphicx}
\DeclareGraphicsRule{*}{eps}{*}{}
\else
\usepackage[pdftex]{graphicx}
\DeclareGraphicsRule{.jpg}{jpg}{*}{}
\DeclareGraphicsRule{*}{mps}{*}{}
\DeclareGraphicsRule{.eps}{eps}{*}{}
\fi
\usepackage[frenchb]{babel}
%\usepackage[garamond]{mathdesign}
%\usepackage{pxfonts}

%\usepackage[upright]{fourier}
%\usepackage{times}
\usepackage{charter}
\usepackage{layout}
\usepackage{fancyhdr}
\usepackage{fancybox}
\usepackage{lastpage}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{amsfonts}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{stmaryrd}
\usepackage{picins}
\usepackage{eurosym}
\usepackage{pst-all}
\usepackage{pstricks-add}
\usepackage{slashbox}
\usepackage{paralist}
\usepackage{variations}
\usepackage{tabularx}
\usepackage{multicol}
\usepackage{multirow}
\usepackage{alterqcm} 
\usepackage{ulem}
\usepackage{etex}
\usepackage{comment}
\usepackage{booktabs,cellspace}

\setdefaultenum{\bf 1)}{\bf a)}{\it i.}{}

%---------------------------------------------------------taille des crochets
\edef\deactivebraket{%
\noexpand\mathcode`[=\the\mathcode`[
\noexpand\mathcode`]=\the\mathcode`]
}
\def\activebraket{%
\mathcode`[="8000
\mathcode`]="8000
}
{%
\catcode`[=\active
\catcode`]=\active
\gdef[{\expandafter\Bigl\string[}
\gdef]{\expandafter\Bigr\string]}
}

%\activebraket
%\deactivebraket
%----------------------------------------------------------------------------------


%--------------------------------------------------------------------------
%                                       dessintexte{dessin}{échelle}{Texte}
\newlength{\lntxt}
\newcommand{\dessintexte}[3]{
\setlength{\lntxt}{\linewidth}
\setbox 2 =\hbox{\includegraphics[scale=#2]{#1}}
\addtolength{\lntxt}{-\wd 2}
\addtolength{\lntxt}{-50pt}
\begin{minipage}{\wd 2}
\includegraphics[scale=#2]{#1}
\end{minipage}
\hfill
\begin{minipage}{\lntxt}
#3
\end{minipage}
}
%                                                       fin de dessintexte
%--------------------------------------------------------------------------


\setlength{\parindent}{0pt}

\graphicspath{{Base/}}